The history of Earth is written on the great tablets of tectonic plates. The motions of plates shaped land masses, formed ...

Earth history, as a scientific topic, encompasses the reconstruction and analysis of the planet’s physical, chemical, and biological evolution from its formation ~4.54 billion years ago to the present ...

Life made the modern Earth as much as the Earth made life, a new book by a philosopher of consciousness argues. That dynamic leaves humans with a unique set of moral questions, Peter Godfrey-Smith of ...

Scientists could be on the verge of discovering the explanation behind one of the strangest questions about our planet. Through the use of state-of-the-art technology, this could provide answers about ...

Climate change deniers inaccurately claim that Earth's rapidly rising temperatures are the mere product of natural cycles. Scientific experts have long explained that, although Earth does experience ...

The field of paleoenvironmental geochemistry examines the chemical signatures preserved in Earth’s ancient rocks to reconstruct past environments and decipher the evolution of our planet’s surface ...

Unfortunately, this book can't be printed from the OpenBook. If you need to print pages from this book, we recommend downloading it as a PDF. Visit NAP.edu/10766 to get more information about this ...

Early Eocene forest, Wyoming, U.S. Illustration by Julius Csotonyi, Smithsonian Institution Pollinators play a vital role in fertilising flowers, which grow into seeds and fruits and underpin our ...